ZOOPLANKTON-CLIMATE LINKAGES IN DIFFERENT GEOGRAPHICAL REGIONS
Keywords:
zooplankton, climate change, inter-annual variability, sea level pressureAbstract
The inter-annual variations of total zooplankton abundance in the Gulf of Maine (1961 - 1991), the North-East Atlantic (1961 - 1994) and the North Sea (1961 - 1994) were analyzed and related to the Icelandic Low and the Azores High atmospheric pressure systems. In a similar way the variations of zooplankton biomass in the Gulf of Alaska (1956 - 1980) were related to the Aleutian Low pressure system. Cross-correlation and spectral density functions were calculated for the zooplankton and the pressure indices. Regional and global aspects of the relationship between the intensity of the zooplankton fluctuations and the atmospheric centers of action were analyzed. A discussion on possible mechanisms that may contribute to the dynamic links transferring atmospheric variation into observed changes in zooplankton abundance and biomass is included.
References
Chelton D. B., Bernal P. A., McGowan J. A. Large-scale interannual physical and biological interaction in the California current // J. Mar. Res. - 1982. - 40. - P. 1095 - 1125.
Colebrook J. M. The continuous plankton recorder survey: Automatic data processing methods // Bull. Mar. Ecol. - 1975. - 8. - P.123 - 142.
Colebrook J. M. Continuous Plankton Records: zooplankton and environment, northeast Atlantic and North Sea, 1948 – 1975 // Oceanol. Acta. - 1978. - 1. - P.9 - 23.
Colebrook J. M. Environmental influences on longterm variability in marine plankton // Hydrobiol. - 1986 - 142. - P. 309 - 325.
Conversi A., Hameed S. Evidence for quasi-biennial oscillations in zooplankton biomass in the subarctic Pacific // J. Geophys. Res. - 1997. - 102, C7. - P. 15659 - 15665.
Conversi A., Hameed S. Common signals between physical and atmospheric variables and zooplankton biomass in the subarctic Pacific // ICES Journ. Mar. Sci. - 1998. - 67. - P.234 - 643.
Conversi A., Piontkovski S., Hameed S. Seasonal and interannual changes in Calanus finmarchicus and Pseudocalanus spp. in the Northern US shelf / ICES Annual Science Conference. 25 - 30 September 1997, Baltimore. - P.162 - 163.
Dickson R. R., Kelly P. M., Colebrook J. M., Wooster W. S., Cushing D. H. North winds and production in the eastern North Atlantic // J. Plankton Res. - 1988. - 10, № 1 - P.151 - 169.
Favorite F., McLain D. R. Coherence in transpacific movements of positive and negative anomalies of sea surface temperature, 1953 – 60 // Nature - 1973. - 244. - P. 139 - 143.
Fromentin J-M., Planque B. Calanus and environment in the eastern North Atlantic. Influence of the North Atlantic Oscillation on C. finmarchicus and C. helgolandicus // Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. - 1996. - 134. - P.111 - 118.
Frost B. W. Interannual variation of zooplankton standing stock in the open Gulf of Alaska / W. S. Wooster (ed.). From Year to Year. Sea Grant, University of Washington, Seattle,Wa. - 1983. - P. 146 - 157.
Fulton J. Seasonal and annual variations of net zooplankton at Ocean Station "P", 1956 – 1980 // Can. Data Rep. Fish. Aquat. Sci. - 1983. - P. 374.
Garrod D. J., Colebrook J. M. Biological effects of variability in the North Atlantic Ocean. // Rapp. P.- v. Reun.Cons. int. Explor. Mer. - 1978. - 173. - P.128 - 144.
Hameed S., Shi W., Boyle J., Santer B. Investigation of the Centers of Action in the North Atlantic and the North Pacific / Proc. First Internat. AMIP Sci. Conf.: Monterey, California, WCRP-92. - 1995. - P.221 - 226.
Hays G. C., Carr M. R., Taylor A. H. The relationship between Gulf Stream position and copepod abundance derived from the continuous plankton recorder survey: separating biological signal from sampling noise // J. Plankton Res. - 1993. - 15. - P. 1359 - 1373.
Hurrell J. W., van Loon H. Decadal trends in North Atlantic Oscillation and relationships to regional temperature and precipitation / Proc. 6th Internat. Meet. on Statistical Climatology, 19 - 23 June 1995, Galway, Ireland. - 1995. - P. 185 - 188.
Jossi J. W., Goulet J. R. Zooplankton trends: US north-east shelf ecosytem and adjacent regions differ from north-east Atlantic and North Sea // ICES J. mar. Sci. - 1993. - 50. - P.303 - 313.
Radach G. Variations in the plankton in relation to climate // Rapp. P.-v. Reun. Cons. int. Explor. Mer. - 1984. - 185. - P.234 - 254.
Roemmich D. H., McGowan J. A. Climatic warming and the decline of zooplankton in the California current // Science - 1995. - 267. - P.1324 - 1326.
Sherman K., M. Grosslein D., Mountain D., Busch J.E., O'Reilly A., Theroux R. The continental shelf ecosystem off the northeast coast of the United States. / H. Postma and J. J. Zijlstra (eds.). Ecosystem of the World-27 - Continental Shelves Ch. 9, Elsevier, Amsterdam. - 1988. - P. 279 - 337.
