ESTIMATION OF 90Sr AND 137Cs TRANSFER FROM THE BLACK SEA TO THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN AFTER THE CHERNOBYL NPP ACCIDENT
Keywords:
Chernobyl NPP accident, 90Sr and 137Cs fluxes, prediction, the Bosporus Currents, Black Sea, Mediterranean BasinAbstract
The 90Sr and 137Cs inputs from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Basin through the Bosporus Strait after the Chernobyl NPP accident were estimated. It is obtained that the 90Sr and 137Cs fluxes from the Black Sea to the Sea of Marmara are decreased with an effective exponential half-lives (T05) 9.5 years and 6.4 years, respectively. The estimations have shown that 110 TBq 90Sr and 250 TBq 137Cs in 1986–2000 was delivered from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean Basin after the Chernobyl NPP accident. The radioactive pollution of the Mediterranean Basin will continue for 5 half-lives, i.e. 47 years for 90Sr and 32 years for 137Cs. The total 90Sr and 137Cs inputs from the Black Sea into the Mediterranean Basin have been assessed as 168 TBq and 311 TBq, respectively.
References
Buesseler K. O., Livingston H. D. Time-series profiles of 134Cs, 137Cs and 90Sr in the Black Sea / Eds. Ozsoy, E., Mikaelyan A. Sensitivity to change: Black Sea, Baltic Sea and North Sea. – Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Press, 1997. – P. 239 – 251.
Egorov V. N., Polikarpov G. G., Kulebakina L. G. et al. Model of large–scale contamination of the Black Sea with the long–lived radionuclides 137Cs and 90Sr resulting from the Chernobyl NPP accident // Water Resources. – 1993. – 20, 3. – P. 326 – 330. (in Russian).
Egorov V. N., Polikarpov G. G., Stokozov N. A. et al. Distribution of artificial radionuclides in water, bottom sediments and hydrobionts of the Black Sea following the Chernobyl NPP accident and assessment of 137Cs input to the seas of the Mediterranean basin through the Bosporus // European Сomission Radiation Protection 70: The
radiological Expo-sure of the population of the European Community to radioactivity in the Mediterranean Sea. MARINA-MED project. Proc. Seminar Nuclear Energy Agency (Rome, 17 – 19 May 1994). – Rome, 1994. – P. 363 – 391.
Egorov V. N., Polikarpov G. G., Stokozov N. A. et al. Some data of the fate of 90Sr in the aquatic system, including the region of Chernobyl NPP accident, the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea // European Сomission Radiation Protection 70: The radiological Expo-sure of the population of the European Community to radioactivity in the Mediterranean Sea. MARINA-MED project. Proc. Seminar Nuclear Energy Agency (Rome, 17 – 19 May 1994). – Rome, 1994. – P. 557 – 583.
Egorov V. N., Povinec P. P., Polikarpov G. G. et al. 90Sr and 137Cs in the Black Sea after the Chernobyl NPP accident: inventories, balance and tracer applications // J. Environ. Radioactivity. – 1999. – 49 (3). – P. 137 – 156.
Egorov V. N., Polikarpov G. G., Stokozov N. A. et al. Assessment of the Black Sea response time-scale to pollution with 90Sr and 137Cs following the Chernobyl NPP accident // 36th CIESM Congress Proceeding (Monte-Carlo, 2001). – Monte-Carlo, 2001. – 36. – P. 121.
Nikitin A. I., Medinets V. I., Chumichev V. B. et al. Radioactive contamination of the Black Sea in consequence of the Chernobyl NPP accident, as measured in October 1986 // Atomic Energy. – 1988. – 65, 2. – P. 134 – 137. (in Russian).
Polikarpov G. G. Development of radioecological investigations on the USSR marine and fresh waters // Hydrobiological Journal. – 1987. – 23 (6). – P. 29 – 38. (In Russian).
Polikarpov G. G., Kulebakina L. G., Timoshchuk V. I. et al. 90Sr and 137Cs in surface waters of the Dnieper River, the Black Sea and the Aegean Sea in 1987 and 1988 // J. Environ. Radioactivity. – 1991. – 13, 1. – P. 25 – 38.
Polikarpov G. G., Кulebakina L. G., Тimoshchuk V. I. et al. Concentration of 90Sr in aquatic medium of the Lower Dnieper in direction of the Black Sea // Reports of an Academy of Sciences UkrSSR. – 1988. – 3. – С. 75 – 79. (in Ukrainian).
Practical Ecology of the Black Sea Regions. – Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1990. – P. 46 – 56. (in Russian).
Voitsekhovitch O. V., Kanivets V. V., Kristhuk B. F. Project RER/2/003 Status Report of the Ukrainian Research Hydrometeorological Institute for 1993 – 1995 // Marine Environmental Assessment of the Black Sea: Working Material of Regional Cooperation Project RER/2/003 (Vienna, 1 – 3 March 1998). – Vienna, Austria, 1998. – 60 p.
